ASTM D4429-2004 现场测定土壤加利福尼亚承载比的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforCBR(CaliforniaBearingRatio)ofSoilsinPlace
【原文标准名称】:现场测定土壤加利福尼亚承载比的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4429-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.08
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:施工材料;建筑;土壤;比率;试验
【英文主题词】:bearingratio;CBR;deflection
【摘要】:Fieldin-placeCBRtestsareusedforevaluationanddesignofflexiblepavementcomponentssuchasbaseandsubbasecourseandsubgradesandforotherapplications(suchasunsurfacedroads)forwhichCBRisthedesiredstrengthparameter.IfthefieldCBRistobeuseddirectlyforevaluationordesignwithoutconsiderationforvariationduetochangeinwatercontent,thetestshouldbeconductedunderoneofthefollowingconditions:(a)whenthedegreeofsaturation(percentageofvoidsfilledwithwater)is80%orgreater,(b)whenthematerialiscoarsegrainedandcohesionlesssothatitisnotsignificantlyaffectedbychangesinwatercontent,or(c)whenthesoilhasnotbeenmodifiedbyconstructionactivitiesduringthetwoyearsprecedingthetest.Inthelast-namedcase,thewatercontentdoesnotactuallybecomeconstant,butgenerallyfluctuateswithinarathernarrowrange.Therefore,thefieldin-placetestdatamaybeusedtosatisfactorilyindicatetheaverageload-carryingcapacity.Anyconstructionactivities,suchasgradingorcompacting,carriedoutsubsequenttothebearingratiotestwillprobablyinvalidatetheresultsofthetest.Note18212;Fieldin-placetestsareusedtodeterminetherelativestrengthofsoils,subbase,andsomebasematerialsintheconditionatwhichtheyexistatthetimeoftesting.Suchresultshavedirectapplicationintestsectionworkandinsomeexpedientconstruction,military,orsimilaroperations.Also,asindicatedin3.1,fieldin-placetestscanbeusedfordesignunderconditionsofnominalstabilityofwater,density,andgeneralcharacteristicsofthematerialtested.However,anysignificanttreating,disturbing,handling,compaction,orwaterchangecanaffectthesoilstrengthandmakethepriortotestdeterminationinapplicable,leadingtotheneedforretestandreanalysis.1.1ThistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheCaliforniaBearingRatio(CBR)ofsoiltestedinplacebycomparingthepenetrationloadofthesoiltothatofastandardmaterial.Thistestmethodcoverstheevaluationoftherelativequalityofsubgradesoils,butisapplicabletosubbaseandsomebase-coursematerials.Thistestmethodisdesignedtotestin-situmaterialsandcorrespondstoTestMethodD1883.1.2Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:Softwareengineering-SoftwareproductQualityRequirementsandEvaluation(SQuaRE)-CommonIndustryFormat(CIF)forusabilitytestreports
【原文标准名称】:软件工程.软件产品质量要求和评估(SQuaRE).可用性试验报告的通用工业格式
【标准号】:ISO/IEC25062-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2006-04
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/IECJTC1/SC7
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:定义;文献工作;评定;适用性;产品信息;产品;项目开发;质量保证;质量管理;质量要求;表示法;软件;规范(验收);试验;用户信息
【英文主题词】:Definition;Definitions;Documentations;Evaluations;Fitnessforpurpose;Productinformations;Products;Programdevelopment;Qualityassurance;Qualitymanagement;Qualityrequirements;Representations;Software;Specification(approval);Testing;Userinformation
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardisintendedtobeusedtoreportthemeasuresobtainedfromatestofusabilityasdefinedinISO9241-11:effectiveness,efficiencyandsatisfactioninaspecifiedcontextofuse.NOTEMetricsforothermore-detailedusabilityrequirementscanbefoundinISO/IEC9126parts2and3.ThisInternationalStandardisintendedtobeusedby:-usabilityprofessionalswithinsupplierorganizationstogeneratereportsthatcanbeusedbycustomerorganizations;-customerorganizationstoverifythataparticularreportconformstothisInternationalStandard;-humanfactorsorotherusabilityprofessionalsincustomerorganizationswhoareevaluatingboththetechnicalmeritofusabilitytestsandtheusabilityoftheproducts;and-othertechnicalprofessionalsandmanagersinthecustomerorganizationwhoareusingthetestresultstomakebusinessdecisionsaboutproductsuitabilityandpurchase.TheExecutiveSummaryandIntroductionin5.2and5.3providesummaryinformationfornonusabilityprofessionalsandmanagers.Subclauses5.4and5.5describethetestmethodologyandresultsintechnicaldetailsuitableforreplication,andalsosupportapplicationoftestdatatoquestionsabouttheproduct’sexpectedcostsandbenefits.Understandingandinterpretingthesesectionswillrequiretechnicalbackgroundinhumanfactorsorusabilityengineeringforoptimaluse.Thereportformatassumessoundpractice[1,2]hasbeenfollowedinthedesignandexecutionofthetest.Testprocedureswhichproducemeasuresthatsummarizeusabilityshouldbeused,i.e.thetestissummativeinnature.Someusabilityevaluationmethods,suchasformativetests,areintendedtoidentifyproblemsratherthanproducemeasures;theformatisnotstructuredtosupporttheresultsofsuchtestingmethods.
【中国标准分类号】:L77
【国际标准分类号】:35_080
【页数】:46P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforCalculationofColorDifferencesFromInstrumentallyMeasuredColorCoordinates
【原文标准名称】:用仪器测定颜色一致性的方法计算色差的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD2244-1993
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1993
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数学计算;色差;测量;涂漆;工艺;颜色;涂料;覆层;计算方法
【英文主题词】:painting;paints;coatings;colour;colourdifferences;mathematicalcalculations;calculatingmethods;measurement;processes
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:A26
【国际标准分类号】:17_180_20
【页数】:5P;A4
【正文语种】:英语